Situations

Let's see now the different options that we have when using the phone Notice that all the

questions and exclamations in Spanish are written also with opening sign. EN EL TELEFONO

¿Diga? Hello? (tell me?) -Hola, buenos días. ¿Puedo hablar con el Señor García por favor? Hello

good morning. Can I speak with Mr. García please? (always THE Mr. Garcia) 1.No, lo siento, en

este momento el Sr. García no está No, I am sorry, Mr. García isn't here right now ( in this

moment) 2. Si, un momento por favor Yes, one moment please 3. El Sr. García está en una

reunion en este momento, ¿quiere dejar un mensaje? Mr. García is in a meeting right now, do

you want to leave a message? No gracias, prefiero llamar más tarde No thanks, I prefer to call

again later (PREFERIR = TO PREFER, LLAMAR = TO CALL (me llamo, my name is). Now

we are the ones receiving a call... Hola ¿está Sara? Hi, is Sara home? (Literal = Hi, is Sara?)

1. No, se ha equivocado de número No, you have the wrong number i Ah ! lo siento... Ah!

sorry 2. No, Sara no está, volverá en quince minutos No, Sara isn't here she will be back in 15

minutos. The rest of the phrases will be the same as for Mr. Garcia (he isn't here, he is in some

place, do you wanna leave a message etc.) Now let's alalize: - Se ha equivocado = Literally this

means " You have wronged yourself" Equivocarse is to make a mistake, but you can also make

another person to commit a mistake, that's why it's reflexive -SE. - The best way to ask for

somebody in a company, or when calling to some place is with "Puedo hablar con..." (may I speak

with). -We say "lo siento" when the person is not in the place to apologize, but in a soft way

because we didn't do anything really... it's not our fault that the person isn't there.

DEMOSTRATIVOS

Este = This (masc.)

Estes = These (masc. plur.)

Esta = This (fem.) Estas = These (fem. plur.)

Ese = That (masc.) Eses = Those (masc. plur.)

Esa = That (fem.) Esas = Those (fem. plur.)

Aquel = That other (masc.)

Aquellos = Those others (masc. plur.)Aquella = That other (fem.)

Aquellas = Those others (fem. plur.)

In Spanish we have 3 degrees for the demonstratives, you can develop your conversation only

with This (este) and That (ese) like in English. However, aquel is also used for things that are

very far away.

Example : Tiempo = time

21st century = En estes tiempos... (nowadays, in these times...)

19th century = En eses tiempos... (In those times...)

13th century = En aquellos tiempos... (In those times, in those distant times...)

As you can see, "aquel" is for things that are more far away than just "ese"

Needless to say that as everything else in Spanish, the demonstratives have also gender (fem.

masc.) and number (sing. plur.) depending on the name that they go with.

EXAMPLES

Este libro (this book), Esta casa (this house), Estas playas (these beaches), Estes amigos (these

friends), esta pared (this wall).

VOCABULARY

Here we have words of different fields, we will need them all, so try to remember as many as

possible (write down the ones you don't remember in notes, to study them when you are in the

bus or when you have some free time).

Calle = Street Plaza = Square Pueblo = Village

Ciudad = City Pa ís = Country Mundo = World

Comida = Food Bebida = Drink Cuchillo = Knive

Tenedor = Fork Cuchara = Spoon Plato = Plate

Vaso = Glass Copa = Glass (wine/whisky) Taza = Cup

Mantel = tablecloth Cucharilla = teaspoon Playa = beach

Campo = Forest Cine = Cinema Fiesta = Party

Tienda = shop Casa = house Edificio = Building

Piso = Flat Suelo = Floor Techo = ceiling

Pared = wall Habitación = room Dormitorio = bedroom

Baño = toilet / bathroom Servicio = toilet Cocina = kitchen

Sala = living room Sala de estar = living room Salón = living room

Balcón = Balcony Pasillo = corridor / aisle Tejado = roof

Sótano = basement Tendedero = drying area Entrada = entrance